The present perfect is usually used to describe actions or situations that started or occurred in the past and are connected to the present:
I have lived here for three years. (From three years ago up to now)
The short questions we put at the end of sentences are called question tags. They are normally used when speaking. There are many different question tags but the main idea is fairly straight forward.
Usually if the sentence is positive then the question tag is negative and if it is negative then the question tag is positive.
We use different verb forms to talk about the future. There are a few verb forms we use to talk about plans for the future. This depends on what kind of plans they are.
We use will to talk about a decision made at the time you are speaking. It was not a plan before that.
I think I’ll stay in tonight.
I just got a text from my mum. I’ll phone her later.
We don’t have any bread. I’ll buy some when I go out.
The present perfect is formed with the auxiliary have or has and the past participle. It is usually used to talk about the past in relation to the present. The present perfect has a connection between something that happened in the past and a present time. It often refers to an action that happened in the past and which has a result now:
We use the future continuous to talk about something that will be in progress in the future.
Don't ring me between 4 o’clock and 5 o'clock. I'll be doing my workout at the gym.
The parade will be passing this corner at around 7 o'clock.
We also use the future continuous to speak about actions that we ‘think’ are happening as we speak.
They will be having lunch at this time.
The teams will be relaxing now as it’s almost two hours to the start of the game.
The preposition 'to' shows movement to a specific place or event.
I’m travelling to Spain next week.
I need to go to the bank.
Can you tell me the way to the post office?
Are you going to the party?
I’ve never been to a rugby match.
What time do you go to work?
We also use 'to' for movement towards a person or group of people:
He came up to me and started a conversation with me
There are some verbs in English that do not take the continuous form even if the continuous form is normally used in that situation. We call these verbs state verbs.
So, we say I'm sorry, I don't understand' and not 'I am not understanding'.
When we want to express permission, prohibition (not allowing something), obligation or no obligation we use modal verbs.
Permission – can, may, could
'Can' is most often used to ask for or give permission but 'may' and 'could' are also possible even though they are not used as often as 'can'.
Can I borrow a pen?
You can sit here, the seat is free.
Could I open the window?
May I ask a question?
The perfect aspect
In American English it is very common to use the simple past tense instead of the present perfect which speakers of British English might use.
American English
I feel tired. I worked too much. I think I lost my keys. Did you see them anywhere?
Are you going to the show? No I already went.
You're looking for Jane. I just spoke to her.
Common uses of demonstratives.
In English the demonstratives; this, that, these and those are used to indicate something.
